See Good. In Chapter 11 of "On "The Logic of Moral Discourse"" there is a minimalistic realistic treatment of "good" and "bad".

There is a somewhat objectivized sense of bad apart from what someone disapproves of, namely in terms relating to human needs or pains: What hurts or harms. One important problem here is that these fairly objective terms in ordinary human practice - "homo homini lupus" - tend to get relativized to the interests of Us and Them: Good is what is Bad for Them or what pleases Us; Bad is what is Good for Them or what displeases Us.